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Reference Date: 26-07-98
Experience selected in the 1998 Dubai Award for Best Practice, and catalogued as GOOD.
(
Best Practices Database.)
País/Country: Spain
United Nations Region: Europe
Ecological region: mountain
Activity: village
Partnerships: Local authority. Central government. Private
institution.
Themes = Economic Development: training; environmental
Management; resource management.
Main contact:
Diputación Provincial de Cádiz (Local government)
José Antonio Iglesias Brantuas
C/ Ahumada, n. 6, 1. planta
11004 Cádiz
Spain
Tlf: 95 622 99 14
Fax: 95 622 99 21
E-mail: UPE@CADIZ.ORG
Partner:
Ministry of the Environment (Central governement)
José Luis Obeso
C/ San Juan de la Cruz s/n
Madrid 28071
Spain
Tel: +34 91 597 57 85
Fax: +34 91 597 58 16
Partner One Support Type: Financial Support
Partner:
Department of Tourism and Sport (Local authority)
Joaquín Aurioles Martín
Avda. República Argentina, 23 5. planta
Sevilla 41011
Spain
Tel: +34 954 55 84 11
Fax: +34 954 55 52 92
Partner Two Support Type: Financial Support
Partner:
Foundation of Spanish Railways (Private institution)
Joaquin Jiménez
C/ Santa Isabel 44
Madrid 28012
Spain
Tel: +34 91 527 96 05
Fax: +34 91 528 09 86
E-mail: FUEPU02@FFE.EF
http://WWW.FFE.ES
Nominating Organization:
Marta García Nart
Comité Nacional Español
Paseo de la Castellana, 67
28071 Madrid
Spain
Tlf: +34-91 597 75 72
Fax: +34-91 597 86 04
E-mail: mgnart@mfom.es
The Greenway "Vía Verde de la Sierra" has a tour SSW -E of 67 Kms.
that travel through border municipalities of the provinces of Cádiz
and Sevilla, that provides it an important character
interprovincial. They are eight the involved municipalities, Arcos
de la Frontera, Bornos, Villamartín, Puerto Serrano and Olvera,
located to the North of the Province of Cádiz, and Coripe,
Montellano and El Coronil, to the south of the Sevilla.
The Greenway "Vía Verde de la Sierra" is framed within "Tejido
Verde" Program, included in the Directing Infrastructures Plan of
the MOPTMA, current Ministry of Environment, destined to the the
environmental recovery of linear infrastructures in disuse. This
program is proposed the recovery and conditioning of the linear
infrastructures, with its annex equipment, generally related to
transportation, and susceptible of be integrated within urban and
environmental patrimony by its special interest as landscapes,
historical cultural or sports.
The project was begun in October of 1993, and it has been
coordinated by the Excma. Diputación Provincial de Cßdiz (County
Council of Cádiz), using the Promotion and Development Unit. In
close collaboration with the Junta de Andalucía (Regional
Government), Spanish Railways Foundation, the Ecologist-Pacifist
Federation of Cádiz, Local Entities, associations and other
foundations without profit spirit, it has been designed a Green
Route model that answers to the outlined objectives and embossment
the artistic historical and environmental particularities of this
singular traced, considerate one of the most interesting of Spain.
At the same time, the Work Ministry, by means of the National
Employment Institute and its Workshop Programand "Escuelas Taller
y Casas de Oficios" has carried out an integral project for the
recovery and rehabilitation of the ancient stations to endow to
the route of the necessary services.
The green route is located in a region with strong dependency of
the agrarian sector, with an each time strongest presence of the
terciary sector and a growing obsolescence in the population had to
the combined effect of the demographic general evolution toward the
reduction of the birthrate and greater longevity and, by other, the
rural exodus centered in the lowest strata of the demographic
pyramid.
The execution and set up of the project has brought itself a
dynamic effect in the economy of the zone permitting to balance the
revenues of the inhabitants thus as impelling economic activities,
promoting the existing and attracting new initiatives. The set in
operation and development of all the offers that carry the
accomplishment of the Green Route, its maintenance and improvement
are generating economic flows, fundamentally in the services
sector, capable of sponsoring the projection and the economic
recovery of the zone. The application of the Workshop Program
(Escuelas Taller y Casas de Oficios) has permitted to give
employment and training to minor youths of 25 years, contributing
to the stabilization of the population in the zone.
The Green Route has been an example of collaboration between
different local administrations, provincial, regional and national,
where they have been united efforts and wills with the aim of
promoting the economic development and the employment in a rural
zone, traditionally isolated because of its geographical situation,
by means of the set in value of idle resources.
This initiative is the first experience that develops the philosophy of this program, whose principal objectives are, between other, the maintenance of the public dominance of the infrastructures, the development of alternative economic activities to the agriculture and the creation of a new tourist offer model integrated with the environment, use and observe the ethnological diversity, the endogenous resources and the natural wealth of the zone.
1. Situation before of the performance
In 1982 the County Council sponsored the Integral Study of the
Serranía Gaditana. In it, theirs authors noted the possibility of
using the road infrastructure existing for the tourist development
of the zone. With posteriority, in September of 1993, the Promotion
and Development Module of the Excma. Diputación Provincial de
Cßdiz elaborated a previous study relative to the two raiway lines
in disuse of the province, Jerez-Almargen and Rota-Sanlúcar,
remaining the first one as the most indicated for a possible
performance destined to rural tourism due to its good conservation
state.
The celebration of the Seminar on Greenways celebrated in Gij.n
"Lives the Route", in August of 1993, organized by the Spanish
Railways Foundation, supposed the definitive impulse for the
beginning of the coordination projects by part of the Diputación de
Cßdiz. This local institution, especially devoted and sensitized
with the socioeconomic problems of the minor municipalities, with
less than 20.000 inhabitants, decided to bet on this initiative as
novel formulation of generating employment and alternative revenue
in the zone.
One of the first efforts carried to end by part of the County
Council as coordinator entity of the project was put on contact by
first time to the participating entities, with the aim of
collecting initiatives and suggestions that they could be
applicable to the Greenway "Vía Verde de la Sierra". In this sense,
were carried to end work and publication meetings in the annex
municipalities to the route, gathering associations and
representative movements of neighbourhood, entrepreneurial and
local that previously hardly they had maintained contacts neither
worked for a common end.
The line has a total of 120 Kms. and crosses municipalities of the
Provinces of Cßdiz and Sevilla. In the 32 Kms. rehabilitated never
were put the rails, but the rest of the buildings work was ended
almost thoroughly. All that built was in a lamentable abandonment
state, claiming a new usefulness. The diversity of the geographical
spaces and the interest of the artistic historical patrimony
heighten the value of the route. Three Protected Natural Spaces,
the Natural Parajes of the "Colas de los Embalses de Arcos y
Bornos", and the Natural Reservation of the "Peñón de Zaframagón"
(one of the most important volture reserves of Europe), are crossed
by the greenway.
In its ascent are used the river valleys of the rivers Guadalete
and Guadalporcún, being traveled a wide variety of landscapes, from
the agricultural, until the mountains of great natural value,
happening by landscapes with a labeled predominance of the water.
Such environment, favored by the excellence of its natural
conditions, it has been always auspicious to the human accessions
establishment. Verifies it the wealth and variety of archaeologic
remains, that start from the Prehistory, happening by fenicios,
.beros and Roman, until the medievo with the indefeasible Arabic
casttles presence, erected on high hills. The importance of this
panorama is seen reinforced by the statement of Artistic Historical
Sets to three of the towns anexed to the route: Arcos de la
Frontera, Bornos and Olvera.
The economic situation of the zone is characterized by its strong
dependency of the agrarian sector, with an each time strongest
presence of the terciary sector and a progressive obsolescence of
the population due to a combined effect of the demographic general
evolution toward the reduction of the birthrate and greater
longevity and, by other, the rural exodus centered in the lowest
strata of the demographic pyramid.
According to data of the National Employment Institute, the
unemployed people between 20 and 29 years old, represent a 43% of
the total, from this, the 31,3% in the terciary sector, 24,3% in
the construction and 24,5% without previous employment, we attended
an evident reality: the inactive people are largely youths that yet
they have not obtained theirs first job or they have accomplished
tasks that were requiring few specialization, over all in the
construction and in the terciary sector.
With respect at their academic level, a 24% have studied elemental
studies while that a 67% certifies a primary teaching. These data
evidence an alarming situation that requires a rapid solution, this
must proceed of a professional training adapted to the trends of
the work market furthermore of offering perspectives of
occupational insert.
2. Preparing the information and clarifying the priorities
With the end of elaborating an integrated proposal that answered to
the needs of the region, were carried to end the relevant
socioeconomic and territorial analysis, thus as the designs of
existing Green Process in other countries, that permitted to design
a model of Greenway available and agreed to this zone. Of this
way, were established a series of priorities:
3. Objectives formulation, strategies and resources mobilization
The Greenway Project "Vía Verde de la Sierra", intends to obtain a
series of social objectives, bound to the development of new forms
of ecological and active tourism, impelling the leisure activities
and recreate to the free air, and of deepening in the conservation
of the environmental patrimony, cultural and industrial, and of the
education in the nature, promoting thus the rural development.
These objectives permit the reinforced of the welfare offer for our
citizen and the increase in economic and social development
opportunities for needy rural areas, permitting the conservation
and improvement of our patrimony. However, for the attainment of
these objectives not enough with accomplishing this principles
statement, but its necessary to maintain a series of global
concepts that are included in the project:
4. Process
Following phases can be emphasized:
5. Reached results
The outlined objectives have been reached, already that it has been
achieved to valorize the idle resources in an economically
depressed area.
The indicators that they can evaluate us the kindness of the
project can be:
6. Sustainability
The project has had as principal objective the establishment of an
economic development shaft intercomarcal based on the respectful
utilization of the environmental resources that offers the zone.
The Greenway route is configured as a great park periurbano endowed
of environmental wealth, various landscapes and protected areas,
whose conservation and maintenance results indispensable for the
continuity of the project.
In this sense, the competent public administrations have
accomplished an important labour of reforestation with
autochthonous species and conditioning of interest zones,
contributing to the conservation of the resources.
The Greenway "Vía Verde de la Sierra" is constituted as a shaft
vertebrador for the economic development of a traditionally
depressed region, in this sense, the accomplished public
investments, should be understood that have a social end, pursuing
the synergies establishment in the affected populations. The
increase of the tourist activity will permit the summit of the
region and this is it that permits to justify the accomplished
public investment. Furthermore, the administrative grants for the
development of the different created services will permit the
maintenance of the own Route reaching the self-sufficiency.
7. Learned lessons
To be tried to a pioneer project and novel, they were not existing
referring of others in Spain. Some directors and existing
regulations for the itineraries establishment in Natural Parks
have been taken.
8. Transfer
This project is the model that have followed the rest of the
Greenways by existing or that are in project in Spain, because
this was the start to develope the National Plan of Greenways.
This model of infrastructures recovery linear in disuse permits the
conservation of ecosistemas and the green zones amplification for
its utilization by a population each time most prosecuting of
places of scattering would be of the cities.
This sort of project is easily transferible to any other country of
the world, and is not only possible using old railways line, but
its feasible to set up a Greenway over paths, lanes, old roads,
cattle tracks,etc. The most interesting thing of the proyect is not
the phisical hardware, but the methodology followed, which has
permited joining wishes of different Public Administrations,
Associations, and Foundations, in order to get a common objetive.
Referencias
| 1998 Spanish Best Practices selected by the International Jury > http://habitat.aq.upm.es/bpes/onu98/bp459.en.html |