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1998 Spanish Best Practices selected by the International Jury > http://habitat.aq.upm.es/bpes/onu98/bp441.en.html

Recuperation of the Urban Environment and the Biological, Aranjuez (Spain)


Para consultar la versión castellana de este documento, pulse aquí.

Reference Date: 26-07-98

Experience selected in the 1998 Dubai Award for Best Practice, and catalogued as GOOD. ( Best Practices Database.)
País/Country: Spain

United Nations Region: Europe
Ecological region: continental
Activity: City/Town
Partnerships: Local Authority. Community-based organisation (CBO). Foundation. Academic/Research.

Themes = Environmental Management: ecological sustainability; environmental health; environmental remediation; environmentally sound technologies; pollution reduction; resource management. Land Use Management: land development; land-use planning; open space conservation; urban/suburban renewal. Production and Consumption Patterns: consumer awareness; producer responsibility; production/consumption cycles; resource conservation; water use and consumption.

Main contact:
Ayuntamiento (Local authority)
Pilar Quintana Alvarez, town councillor
Plaza de la Constitución s/n
Aranjuez
Madrid
Spain
28300
Tel: +34-91 892 07 13
Fax: +34-91 892 32 57
E-mail: alcalde@ribernet.es


Partner:
"Life" Farmers Association of Aranjuez (Community-based organisation (CBO))
Gregorio Ballesteros
Stuart, 91
Aranjuez
Madrid
Spain
28300
Tel: +32 91 656 32 66
Fax: +34-91 656 32 66
E-mail: gballesteros@gea21.com
Partner One Support Type: Other/Implementation of the changes in agricultural production in their daily job.

Partner:
Natural Aranjuez Foundation (Foundation)
Juan Pedro García Cernuda
Infantas, 55
Fundación Aranjuez Natural
Aranjuez
Madrid
Spain
28300
Tel: +34-91 892 08 21
Fax: +34-91 892 46 56
Partner Two Support Type: Administrative Support

Partner:
Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos (Politécnica University) Academic/Research
Manuel González, agricultural engineer
Avda. Complutense s/n
Esc. Téc. Sup. Ing. Agróno. / U.Politecnica
Madrid
Spain
28040
Tel: +34-91 336 57 75
E-mail: mgonzalez@pvb.etsia.upm
Partner Three Support Type: Technical Support
Nominating organization
Spanish National Committee
D. Marta García Nart
Paseo de la Castellana 67
Ministerio de Fomento
Madrid 28071
Spain
Tel: +34-91 597 75 72
Fax: +34-91 597 86 04
E-mail: mgnart@mfom.es

Financial Profile:
Total budget: 416 Mpta
European Community - DGXI: 43,23%
City of Aranjuez: 32,51%
Regional Author. of Environment in the Region of Madrid: 24%
"Life" Farmers Association of Aranjuez: 0,26%


S U M M A R Y

Aranjuez is a city of 40,000 inhabitants, located 40 km from Madrid at valley of the rivers Tajo and Jarama. Its great natural setting has suffered a slow decline in the last decades. The fertle valley has been polluted by subsidized intensive agriculture and many of its famous quality fruits and vegetables are disappearing.
The Life project started in 1997 and seeks to recover the biological diversity and urban environment of this green oasis in the arid contex of the spanish Castilla. The project is ambitious and comprehensive with many inter-related actions in order to get this main purpose:




Key Dates

January 1997: start of the programm.
September 1997: presentation of the agricultural products to the citizens of Aranjuez May 1998: First promotion for future customers of the products.
June 1998: Starting of the compost plan set-up.
May 1999: End of the UE supporte phase of the project.



N A R R A T I V E

Aranjuez is a city of 50,000 inhabitants, located 40 km from Madrid at the confluence of the rivers Tajo and Jarama: For centuries, this settlement has been an oasis of biological diversity within the arid region of Castilla. Under the patronage of the Spanish Royal Family, which spent here their spring times, the agriculture of quality and a scenic structure of tree lined lanes leading to the agricultural gardens was developped, in parallel with the builiding of pleasure gardens and palaces. This network of great old tree-lined passageways is an unique model of integration of a city in its natural setting and agricultural surroundings.

In recent decades, the area has suffered a slow but deep decline: this richly fertile valley has been polluted by subsidized intensive agriculture and is each day more prone succesive waves of pests.

The lanes and tree areas are degraded by lack of maintenance and impact of traffic and pollution, and see little use. Finally, the abundance of trees is the cause of a problem with vegetable waste, which either accumulates in dumps or burns in dangerous spontaneous fires.

There is also a high level of unemployment in the city, but agriculture is not seen as a professional future for the young people in Aranjuez. Products cannot compete with other Spanish areas with best climate conditions.

This Life project here presented, wich started in 1997 with the support of the European Commission is leadered by the City of Aranjuez. It seeks to recover the urban environment and biological diversity of this privileged location, taking advantage of the posssibilities presented by having a market such as that of Madrid so close, as well as the prestige traditionally associated with the fruits and vegetables of Aranjuez, to get an economically and social issue which helps to conserve the environment of this outstanding setting and reinforce the local development of Aranjuez.

The project is supported by the local professional farmers, who have formed themselves, as a first result of the project, the Asociación de Agricultores Life de Aranjuez which receives advice from two Madrid universities (Agricultural Engineers in biological control of pests and Environment in monitoring and control of water and soil conditions). This first association for a common marketing of the products and cooperation in the methods includes 10 of the 40 active farmers of Aranjuez and almost all of those who continue to grow fruits and vegetables at present times. In a slow process of explanation and capacity building, these farmers have agreed to change their cultivation methods of their farms, amounting some 80 hectares, over to integrated agriculture, more in accordance with nature: integrated pest control. This would be considered the first step towards an organic agriculture. It consists in using the least amount of pesticides possible, confiding in the biological wealth of the farms (natural predators, or in some cases, imported to the farms) to defend the crops against pests. Each farm is weekly monitored by a research team: The Crops Protection Unit from the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (Agricultural Engineering) who provides solution to whatever problem could arise and identify predators or, in case of emergencies, advise the use of harmless defence products.

The ecologically cultivated products are directly marketed in Madrid and Aranjuez, fresh and with all their vitamins and natural flavour, house to house, through a distribution company of other quality products and other responsible consumer networks. An agreement exits with a distribution company in Madrid. A great interest on the part of consumers has been detecter in Food fairs and other information events carried out, and promotional activities have been started in order to get a sufficient number of consumers to make the operation economically viable. Sales in Aranjuez and other quality chains in Madrid is planned and negotiated; up to now now each farmer has poorly individually sold on this now. The inmediate and fresh commercialization is a great opportunity to sell it better. It is well known that the nutrients in fruits and vegetables have a short life due to oxidation or contact with air and light. A media duration of 6 days after harvest is calculated, so that a inmediate marketing is a good way to maintain all the vitamin and mineral wealth of the product, obtaining the most healthier offer. A good economic result of the agricultural production is the best guarantee for the best land use in this fertile valley.

Other action of the project is the set-up of a compost Plant for vegetable and livestock waste which is beeing built with the double objective of generating fertilizer to improve agricultural soil, recovering the nutrient cycle while mimimizing local waste and avoiding pollution and risk of fire destruction. As it was said before, the abundance of trees in Aranjuez presents problemes in storage of vegetal and agricultural waste. The installation of the compost plan open the possibility of doing a complete selective waste recovery in a medium size town , with the aim to compost all the organic waste in the future.

As for the urban environment, studies from a demonstration project are underway to help guide maintenance of this priceless landscape, recovering one of the most important tree-lined street and allowing for its recreational use without endangering the surroundings. A botanical and ecological approach to this historic and natural value has been made by a multisectorial expert team. A G.I.S has been made with a beautiful map of the historical area inder its present circumstances (estate of the trees, impacts, sanitary problems,..) including the complete area of 87 hectares. A programm of preservation and enhancement of the area is beeing implemented in order to facilitate the use and enjoyment of this natural inheritance whiithout risks.

Such a complex project requires the involvement of every stakeholder related to these areas of local developmente in Aranjuez. It has been reached via the creation of a large partnership, called Fundación Aranjuez Natural, with the aim to developing this project and others along the same line when the future when European financing comes to an end. The City of Aranjuez leaders the Fundación, where regional institutions, financial entreprises, professional associations, business and other institutions as the Railway or the River Tajo company are represented. The Fundación guarantee local involvement and open debate in itinere on the project.

The basic ideas of the integrated approach of this project are:


It awares the responsability of the consumer with the landscape and its preservation and makes easier the consumers control of food. The integrated agriculture reduces the increasing pollution of water due to pesticides, is helathier for the farmers, avoid to the consumers to eat unhealthy susbstances and improve de biological diversity of the area. Composting the organic waste is a solution to the Aranjuez waste problems, but also a way to improve economically the soil quality and fertility. It closes the cycle of organic waste, converting them into resources for improving the soil quality. The mid or long term coherence with respect to improving sustainability in this area is also evident.

Local development: The project is totally based in the characteristics of Aranjuez: an outstanding natural setting plus a historic inheritance linked to this environmental value. The search for a viable alternative to the corn monoculture in the valley of the Tajo river is the way to link the development of this community to the environment friendly future. The recovering for recreational uses of a high quality espace is another way. The expected results are, in summary, a increasing of the biodiversity in this area, which creates local employment or enhance the best farmers's activities, benefiting from its own welth while improving the economy and the local quality of life.

Problems in the process: The programme is very ambitious and with many partners involved. it has been hard to get the necessary financial support from different institutions in such a short time to develop it.


Results achieved


There is a great interest from the regional and national authorities in this project. Also in the European Community which is the most importan financial partner for developing the project. The compost plan is financed by the regional
government of Madrid.
The farmers are collaborating with their daily work and time for meetings, workshops etc, and they are also investing in the improvement of plants and soils. The impact of the project in their change of mind is one of the more appreciated lessons learned by the coordination team of the project.

The collaboration between the consultant team of the project, gea21 SL, the Foundation and the head of the project, the city councillor for developing such a complex programm has been excellent and that is the only way to achieve it.


Sustain
This project is realted to four big problems which appear in many cities of the world: the maintenance of the periurban landscape, the pollution generated by the agricultural intensive methods, the waste accumulation and the managing of historic inheritance of great value.

Transferability
This Life project proposes a circular solution to these and other related problems, which could be appropiated for other areas with coincident problems. Some spanish cities as Orihuela, near the tourisic resorts of Alicante, are thinking about developing similar approaches to the preservation of the agricultural land and production of fresh fruits for iinmediate marketing. The french city of Aubagne, near Marseille, has started with a campaign of quaslity products called " Les Jardins d'Aubagne".
The project is only in its first phase, which some concrete results, but the idea is transferable right now.

References:

See press dossier

Velazquez I. and alt. 1997 "Esplendor y declive de la Huerta y Paseos de Aranjuez". Boletín agrario n. 6- Julio 1997. (7 pages).

Dpto. de Urbanismo 1997 "Sotos y paseos históricos en Aranjuez" Urban n. 2- Abril 1997. Dpto. de Urbanismo. Univ. Politécnica de Madrid. Mayo 1998. At the printers.

Several press clips in national (El País, El Mundo and ABC) and local press speaking about different actions of the projects.



Este documento se ha editado a partir de una versión inglesa.
Revisado por Gloria Gómez Muñoz.

1998 Spanish Best Practices selected by the International Jury > http://habitat.aq.upm.es/bpes/onu98/bp441.en.html

Ciudades para un Futuro más Sostenible
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